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Step 4 - Return to the Stretch Credit: Photo by Jason AggarwalĪfter a brief pause in the top position, control the weight as you straighten your arms and reach forward. If you feel your glutes or lower back contracting significantly, you may be leaning too far backward. Your body should remain upright as you pull and reach the finished position. You should look like a bodybuilder doing a “double biceps pose.” Focus on feeling your back and shoulders flexing, not your arms.įorm Tip: Do not let your trunk “tip backwards” as you pull. In the finished position, your fists should be beside your temples and your elbows should be level with your shoulders. Do not overfocus on pulling with your shoulder blades or overexaggerate the motion, because other back muscles should be involved in the movement. As you reach the top position, feel your shoulder blades naturally move down to your back pockets. Pull the weight straight toward your face, at eye-level, by driving the dorsal (back) side of your hands and forearms back behind you. Step 3 - Pull to Your Face Credit: Photo by Jason Aggarwal This will let you focus your energy on the pulling motion rather than fighting to stay upright. ( 1)įorm Tip: If you feel yourself being pulled forward and you’re too unstable, you can use a staggered or split stance with one foot in front of the other, or put one foot up on a sturdy support like the edge of a bench. This will put your traps and rhomboids (upper back muscles) into a stretch, which helps to build mobility and strength. Start with your shoulders protracted (rounded forward). The slack should be taken out of the cable without the weights lifting from the stack. Step back from the pulley far enough to allow your arms to fully straighten. Step 2 - Stretch to Start Credit: Photo by Jason Aggarwal This can sometimes be done deliberately, to intentionally recruit a variety of muscles, but the basic and most efficient setting is roughly in-line with your eyes. Grab the rope handle with your palms down, your palms facing back toward you, and your knuckles facing each other.įorm Tip: If the pulley is set too high or too low, you’ll change the focus of the exercise away with different muscle recruitment. Getting the proper cable height is critical to engage the target muscles. Set a cable pulley at eye-level and attach a rope handle. Step 1 - Proper Height with Proper Grip Credit: Photo by Jason Aggarwal To pull this off, you need to nail the grip, arm position, and cable path. A successful and efficient face pull shares the workload between your traps and shoulders, while minimizing assistance from your biceps. The face pull is a type of rowing exercise, performed standing in front of an adjustable cable pulley. Here’s how to get the very best out of this reliable movement. While most rowing movements target larger back muscles like the lats and most shoulder exercises involve pressing which may aggravate joint issues, the face pull gives attention where it’s most needed. While it may not be as impressive-looking as strapping plates around your waist and doing pull-ups until the cows come home, the simple face pull is a staple exercise for building a set of strong, robust, and muscular shoulders while targeting the multiple muscles that makeup your entire upper back. When it comes to developing an upper body that looks great and performs even better, the best coaches in powerlifting, strongman/strongwoman, weightlifting, bodybuilding, and sports performance all agree on one thing: a strong upper back is a must-have. The sense of smell also deteriorates as the disease progresses. They were also the ones who developed Parkinson’s disease or Lewy body dementia in the coming years,” says Oskar Hansson.Īn interesting finding was also that Lewy bodies are strongly associated with a reduced sense of smell even before other symptoms have developed. ”Despite the participants not having any cognitive or neurological problems at the beginning of the study, we observed that those with Lewy bodies in the brain subsequently experienced a decline in their cognitive functions over time. Therefore, it is possible to detect Lewy body disease even before the first symptoms appear. However, it turned out that nearly ten percent had Lewy bodies in their brains according to the spinal fluid test. Oskar Hansson’s research group has just completed a large study involving over 1,100 individuals, none of whom initially showed any cognitive impairments or motor difficulties. But now, with a spinal fluid test, it is possible to see if the person has the misfolded protein. Until very recently, it was not possible to determine with certainty, whether a person with movement difficulties or cognitive impairments had Lewy bodies in the brain until after their death. When this happens, the protein clumps together and forms what are called Lewy bodies, which damage the nerve cells,” says Oskar Hansson, Professor of Neurology at Lund University and senior consultant at Skåne University Hospital. ”Lewy body disease is caused by the misfolding of the alpha-synuclein protein in the brain. The disease is referred to as Parkinson’s disease when issues with movement are more prominent, while the term Lewy body dementia is employed when cognitive decline takes precedence. The term Lewy body disease encompasses both Parkinson’s disease and Lewy body dementia. The findings are also reported simultaneously at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference. The studies are published in Nature Medicine, where the researchers also demonstrate that a reduced sense of smell is strongly linked to Lewy body disease even before other clear symptoms have developed. A team of researchers from Lund University has now determined that the disease can be identified prior to the onset of symptoms through a spinal fluid test. Lewy body disease ranks as the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, following Alzheimer’s disease. This breakthrough, based on a study involving over 1,100 individuals, revealed that nearly 10 percent had Lewy bodies in their brains, highlighting the possibility of early detection and the potential for timely therapeutic intervention. Researchers have discovered that Lewy body disease can be identified before symptom onset through a spinal fluid test. The Hue app is simple to use for the most part, but it takes some getting used to. The Hue lights are able to integrate with other Hue lights, so if you have Hue bulbs, Hue light strips, or other Hue products, you can create light scenes that integrate all of your lights, including the Festavia. There are limited colorful animations, and the color light settings are primarily limited to static designs in gradients or scattered patterns outside of Hue Labs functionality. I'm hoping that more will be added in the future. I do wish that there were more animations available through the Hue app, as it's limited to three. Juli Clover NovemTwinkly light animations are all rapid even on the slowest setting, and I prefer the more sophisticated Hue patterns. There are also different color shifting animations available through the Hue Labs feature in the app, though it's not exactly intuitive to get to and use. There is a "Sparkle" animation that's simple white lights in different shades shifting slowly so that it looks like twinkling lights, plus there's a fireplace animation that has a soft orange glow. Hue's gradients are not replicable with Twinkly lights, and Hue also has several nice animations that can't be matched by Twinkly. That said, the Hue lights have a more subtle, classy look. There are a ton of effects that are possible with the Twinkly, and you can select different patterns, colors, and even draw words and pictures, while the Festavia is more limited. I don't mind not being able to control each of the LEDs separately, but I think the Festavia lights are less fun than the Twinkly lights. The Festavia supports different color gradients and a mix of up to five selected colors that are assigned to the lights. I can change the color of every Twinkly light individually (though it's not the quickest or simplest thing to do in the app), but I can't do that with the Festavia. Hue seems to be a bit more color accurate, and the colors are richer in tone, plus there seems to be more of an available color range in terms of color accuracy. If you like bright, know that Twinkly lights are brighter. The Twinkly lights are too bright by default, so I dim them way down. The Philips Hue lights are more subtle and less bright at 100 percent brightness, which, in my opinion, is a good thing. Twinkly lights are also HomeKit-enabled, so I do want to point out a few things for those trying to decide between Twinkly and the Hue Festavia lights.įirst of all, the Twinkly lights are a lot brighter. The Twinkly lights, which are priced at around $105 for 250 on Amazon, are the obvious comparison to the Festavia lights. That said, there isn't as much control as you get with something like the Twinkly, but you can sync the lights to music if desired. You can select three gradient colors in gradient mode and mirrored mode, or up to five colors in scattered mode, so each light can be set to a different color. The Hue app is used to change the colors on the lights, and it's worth noting that these are gradient lights. The Festavia lights are HomeKit-enabled and can be controlled through the Home app and with Siri voice commands, but these are Hue lights so a Hue Bridge is required, as is the Hue app. Alternatively, if a tree is up against a wall, the lights would look fuller placed just on the front rather than wrapped at the back. I have a tree that is seven feet tall, and the Festavia was just about enough lights for it, though I could probably have done with two strings because I like a lot of lights. In the future, I am hoping that the Hue line will offer other Festavia options with colored cords suitable for a wider range of trees. The cord is black and the LEDs are rounded with a flat top, which produces a soft look.ĭuring the day, the black cord tends to stand out a bit more against my tree than a green cord, and it mostly rules out the Festavia for lighter colored trees such as those that are white. There is a single Festavia product at the current time, and the Festavia includes 250 smart mini LEDs on a 65-foot cord, which is a standard length for a string light. The Festavia string lights are priced at $160 and can be used for Christmas trees, holiday decorations, or year-round accent lighting. This year, the Philips Hue line added string lights for the first time, marking the debut of the only string light product able to integrate with the Philips Hue ecosystem. Standing cows are not asleep and, like other animals, have ever-vigilant reflexes. However, this combined force requirement, he says, might not be the greatest impediment to such a prank. By this calculation, at least 10 people would be needed to tip over a non-reacting cow. Using data from Cotterell and Kamminga, who estimated that humans exert a pushing force of 280 newtons, Vogel suggests that someone applying force at the requisite height to topple a cow might generate a maximum push of no more than 300 newtons. Lillie stated, "It just makes the physics of it all, in my opinion, impossible." Īlthough biologist Steven Vogel agrees that it would take a force of about 3,000 newtons to push over a standing cow, he thinks that the study by Lillie and Boechler overestimates the pushing ability of an individual human. Thus Lillie and Boechler concluded that it is unlikely that cows can actually be tipped over in this way. However, cows are not rigid or unresponsive, and the faster humans have to move, the less force they can exert. Lillie and Boechler's analysis found that if a cow did not move, the principles of static physics suggest that two people might be able to tip a cow if its centre of mass were pushed over its hooves before the cow could react. Further, cattle are well aware of their surroundings and are very difficult to surprise, due to excellent senses of both smell and hearing. However, since a cow can brace itself, Lillie and Boechler suggested that five or six people would, most likely, be needed. Her calculations found that it would require more than four people to apply enough force to push over a cow, based on an estimate that a single person could exert 660 newtons (150 lb f) of force. Ī 2005 study led by Margo Lillie, a zoologist at the University of British Columbia, and her student Tracy Boechler, concluded that tipping a cow would require a force of nearly 3,000 newtons (670 lb f) and is therefore impossible to accomplish by a single person. Furthermore, numerous sources have questioned the practice's feasibility, since most cows weigh over 450 kilograms (990 pounds) and easily resist any lesser force. However, cows only sleep lightly while standing up, and they are easily awakened. Some versions of the urban legend suggest that because cows sleep standing up, it is possible to approach them and push them over without the animals reacting. Scientific study A healthy cow lying on its side is not immobilized it can rise whenever it chooses. Cow tipping has many references in popular culture and is also used as a figure of speech. On rare occasions, cattle can lie down or fall down in proximity to a ditch or hill that restricts their normal ability to rise without help. In real-life situations where cattle have to be laid on the ground, or "cast", such as for branding, hoof care or veterinary treatment, either rope restraints are required or specialized mechanical equipment is used that confines the cow and then tips it over. Estimates suggest a force of between 3,000 and 4,000 newtons (670 and 900 pounds-force) is needed, and that at least four and possibly as many as fourteen people would be required to achieve this. All agree that cows are large animals that are difficult to surprise and will generally resist attempts to be tipped. Scientific studies have been conducted to determine if cow tipping is theoretically possible, with varying conclusions. The concept of cow tipping apparently developed in the 1970s, though tales of animals that cannot rise if they fall has historical antecedents dating to the Roman Empire.Ĭows routinely lie down and can easily regain their footing unless sick or injured. The implication that rural citizens seek such entertainment due to lack of alternatives is viewed as a stereotype. The practice of cow tipping is generally considered an urban legend, and stories of such feats viewed as tall tales. For the Beavis and Butt-Head episode, see Cow Tipping ( Beavis and Butt-Head episode).Ĭow tipping is the purported activity of sneaking up on any unsuspecting or sleeping upright cow and pushing it over for entertainment. Four deck blocks can hold 8 000lbs, almost twice the support necessary for a 10 x10 deck. For example, a 10 x 10 floating deck needs four-deck blocks. Or not understand why some decks have more blocks than the total weight needs. Without knowing how I came up with the number of blocks for each deck, you could arrange them incorrectly. Unfortunately, this only gives you enough information to be dangerous. Deck Dimension Square Feet of Deck Live Weight People & Furniture (40lbs sq’) Total Weight Supported by Deck Blocks (50lbs sq’) Number of Deck Blocks 12″ x12″ Supporting 2000 lbs 8×8 64 25 lbs 4 8×10 80 32 lbs 4 10× lbs 5000 lbs 4 10× lbs 6000 lbs 6 12× lbs 7200 lbs 6 12× lbs 9000 lbs 8 10× lbs 10000 lbs 8 12× lbs 12000 lbs 10 16×0 lbs 8 14×0 lbs 10 12×0 lbs 12 16×0 lbs 10 20×0lbs 20000 lbs 12 Number of Deck Blocks Based On Deck Size Here is a quick reference of deck size, weight and number of deck blocks each deck needs. If you want to jump ahead to the answer without explanation. Building to the safe side of deck construction without installing an excess number of deck blocks that are not required. Once we have the answers, you will know how many deck blocks any floating deck needs. I am going to go over these three questions to answer how many deck-blocks a floating deck needs. How do deck blocks need to be arranged to support a floating deck?.
How can we discern God's purpose for us in our current circumstances, as Esther did in hers?ĩ. What lessons can we learn from the role of Hegai in Esther's life?Ĩ. How can we apply Mordecai's protective care for Esther in our relationships with others?ħ. What does Esther's preparation period before meeting the king signify in our spiritual life?Ħ. In the modern world, how can we cultivate the humility and wisdom that Esther demonstrated?ĥ. How did Esther's character contribute to her finding favor with Hegai and King Xerxes?Ĥ. Can you think of any situation in your own life where you felt led by destiny, just like Esther?ģ. How does the story of Esther demonstrate God's providence?Ģ. The chapter depicts God's providence, even in seemingly dire circumstances, and the rise of Esther, the orphaned Jewish girl who becomes the queen of Persia.ġ. Amidst the chosen is a young Jewish woman named Esther, whose life takes a dramatic turn as she moves from obscurity to the palace. King Xerxes, seeking a new queen after dethroning Vashti, initiates a royal decree to gather beautiful young virgins from the kingdom for preparation to be presented to the king. The event was recorded in the presence of the king in the annals.Įsther 2 unveils the beginning of a beautiful but complex narrative. The plot was reported to the king by Esther, and the culprits were executed. Mordecai Uncovers a Conspiracy (Esther 2:19-23)ĭuring this time, Mordecai uncovered a conspiracy against the king by two of his officials, Bigthan and Teresh. Esther was chosen by King Xerxes as his queen, and he threw a grand feast, the "Feast of Esther," to celebrate this event. When Esther’s turn came, she only asked for what Hegai suggested and found favor in everyone's sight. Meanwhile, Mordecai paced in front of the court of the harem to find out about Esther's welfare.Įsther Finds Favor with the King (Esther 2:12-18)Īfter twelve months of beauty treatments, each young woman went to the king. She won Hegai's favor, who quickly provided her beauty treatments and special food. Esther was lovely in form and features, but an orphan, thus Mordecai had taken her as his own daughter.Įsther Taken to the Palace (Esther 2:8-11)Įsther was taken to the palace and placed under Hegai, who was in charge of the harem. In Susa, Mordecai, a Jewish man, was raising his cousin, Esther. At his servants' suggestion, he decreed that beautiful virgins from every province be brought to him, prepared for royal service, and the most pleasing one would become the queen. Her story encourages us to trust in divine timing, cultivate our character, and stay prepared for our calling, even when it seems unlikely.Īfter the wrath of King Xerxes had subsided, he remembered Vashti and what she had done. Esther, an orphaned Jewish girl, rises to become the queen of Persia, illustrating how God can work in mysterious ways to position us right where we need to be. Seeking Vashti’s Successor A New Queen Arises: Esther’s Divine AppointmentĮsther 2 is a powerful demonstration of God's providence. Unwanted rumble is often at a fairly low level. This is a filter (high-pass filter - stops low frequencies and allows high frequencies) that responds to the amplitude of the signal (how loud it is). The key word here is “ dynamic rumble filter”. This is the limitation that davidcw is wanting to overcome.Ībout 35 years I came across an audio amplifier that had a dynamic rumble filter that reduced turntable rumble on quiet passages, but was turned off when there were load passages. On the other hand, if you are playing an old record that has noticeable rumble above the filter cut off frequency, then that rumble will not be removed. This means that if you have equipment that is capable of reproducing very low frequencies (around 20Hz or less), and wish to listen to music that has very low frequencies, then if the cut off frequency is too high it will remove the lowest frequencies from the music. The limitation of devices like this, and equally the standard high-pass filter in Audacity, is that it processes ALL the sound signal that passes through it. Many high quality audio amplifiers already have a low frequency cut off built in, so this hardware device is only necessary if the low frequency cut of is either at too low a frequency, or too gradual a slope to cope with the unwanted rumble. In fact, with the effect in Audacity you can use an even steeper slope (up to 48dB per octave) which will remove more subsonic frequencies while still leaving frequencies above 20Hz unaffected (much steeper cut-off). For post processing, (processing sounds that have already been recorded), you can do exactly the same thing with Audacity’s built in high-pass filter (Effects menu). That’s an 18dB per octave high-pass filter, and being a hardware device allows you to roll off sub-sonic (below 20Hz) frequencies of records while you play them. I’ll be away for a couple of weeks, so if you need any help with the plug-in perhaps Koz or one of the other guys will be able to figure it out. There is currently no documentation for this plug-in, but I think it is not too hard to figure out. To use it as a rumble filter, set the “Gate frequencies below” to a fairly low frequency, say around 100Hz (this sets the “corner frequency” of the filter, so although it is a fairly steep filter, it still needs to be set a bit above the rumble frequencies that you want to remove). To install the plug-in, unzip it into your Audacity plug-ins folder and restart Audacity. You can do it with my Noise Gate plug-in. It was actually quite effective.Ĭould such a filter be implemented with Audacity or with a VST plug-in? About 35 years I came across an audio amplifier that had a dynamic rumble filter that reduced turntable rumble on quiet passages, but was turned off when there were load passages. The committal may take place immediately following the funeral, or it may be a separate service at another time and place.ħ) Reentry into the community by the chief mourners following the service takes time and can be facilitated by the supportive ministry of the Church. It presupposes that the encounter with the body of the deceased and the closing of the coffin have already taken place, and for this reason the coffin remains closed throughout the service and thereafter.Ħ) The committal service is not found in UMH because the congregation cannot be expected to carry hymnals to the graveside, but it is found here following the Service of Death and Resurrection. Children should be invited to be present at all these services.ĥ) The Service of Death and Resurrection itself, commonly called the funeral or memorial service, brings into focus the whole ministry of the Church at death. A variety of supportive ministries by church, family, friends, and other organizations may take place between the time of death and the time of the service see A Family Hour or Wake. If the family requests that there be military, fraternal, or other rites in addition to the Service of Death and Resurrection, the pastor should plan carefully the sequence and interrelationship of these services so that the service is not interrupted with other rites, and so that its integrity is supported and not compromised.Ĥ) Facing the body of the deceased and closing the coffin bring home to the mourners the reality of death and are times when the support of pastor and Christian community is important. The pastor may have an important role in notifying others of the death.ģ) Plans for the service and all other ministries following a death should be made in consultation with the family and subject to the approval of the pastor. Prayer and other acts of worship are crucial with the bereaved at the time of death. At several times during this ministry acts of worship are especially appropriate.ġ) In ministry with the dying, prayers and other acts of worship are crucial.Ģ) The pastor should be notified immediately upon the death of a member or constituent of the congregation. The service itself should be seen as a part of the larger ministry of the Church at death. Alternatively, the coffin may be covered with a flag, or flowers may be placed on it. For each service the pall should be clean and free of wrinkles, and flowers should never be placed on top of it. The coffin may be covered with a pall (a large cloth with a cross and other Christian symbolism), an act whose meaning is declared by the words: "As in baptism Name put on Christ, so in Christ may Name be clothed with glory." The same pall is used in a congregation for all funerals and is a witness that everyone is equal before the table of the Lord. Traditionally, pastors have not accepted an honorarium for this service when the deceased was a member of the parish. The organist or person in charge of the music should be consulted and work with the family in all decisions on music selection. Ethnic and cultural traditions are encouraged and may be incorporated into the service at the discretion of the pastor. When circumstances make the service as it stands inappropriate, the pastor may make adaptations, using the alternative acts of worship and other available resources. It expresses clearly the twofold nature of what is done: the facts of death and bereavement are honestly faced, and the gospel of resurrection is celebrated in the context of God's Baptismal Covenant with us in Christ. Service of Death and Resurrection was selected as being appropriate to any of the wide variety of situations in which this service might be used. Memorial Service is appropriate when the body of the deceased is not present. Burial of the Dead is appropriate for a service where the remains of the deceased are buried. Funeral is appropriate for a service with the body of the deceased present. Use of the term Service of Death and Resurrection is not intended to discourage use of the more familiar terms -funeral, burial of the dead, or memorial service. This service is intended for use with the body of the deceased present, but it can be adapted for use at memorial services or other occasions. If the service is to be held in a church and led by anyone other than the pastor of that congregation, it should be done at the invitation of that pastor. It should be held in the church if at all possible and at a time when members of the congregation can be present. It is a service of Christian worship suitable for funerals and memorial services. Diffraction determines the direction in which most sound will be radiated, an important factor for the acoustical engineers who work to make them as quiet as possible. The white region is a cross-section of the front part of an aircraft engine, the sound wave is produced by the turbofan. Diffraction is the interference or bending of waves around the corners of an obstacle or through an aperture into the region of geometrical shadow of the. The animation below shows another example of diffraction. Thus, this solution for noise reduction is efficient only if the houses are located within the shadow region of the sound barrier. It is characterised by low noise levels due only to the acoustic diffracted wave. In fact, no observable diffraction occurs if the wave’s wavelength is much smaller than the obstacle or slit. As shown in Figure 10.8, the wavelengths of the different types of waves affect their behavior and diffraction. Diffraction uses the edges of a barrier as a secondary sound source that sends waves in a. gration of diffraction over an angle range. The diffraction of water waves can be visually seen when waves bend around boats. Diffraction involves the bending or spreading out of a sound wave in a single medium, in which the speed of sound is constant. Echoes are the sound of your own voice reflecting back to your ears. A shadow region is observed just behind the barrier (bottom right of the animation). niques to conduct a sound analysis: surface measurements, macro photos. Interference patterns due to the superposition of the incident wave and the diffracted wave are clearly seen just before the barrier (bottom left of the animation). The effects of diffraction can be regularly seen in everyday life. The amount of diffraction depends on the wavelength of light, with longer wavelengths being diffracted at a greater angle than shorter ones (in effect, red light are diffracted at a higher angle than is blue and violet light). Diffraction happens when a wave bends around an object. The animation below illustrates how a travelling wave emitted from the upper left corner by, say, an aeroplane is diffracted by a sound barrier erected to shield homes from the traffic noise. waves, including sound waves, water waves, and electromagnetic waves such as visible light, x-rays and radio waves. An example of diffraction phenomena is given by the spreading of waves around an obstacle. Diffraction occurs if a wave encounters an object and if the wavelength is of the same size (or greater than) the object size. The spreading of waves when they pass through an opening, or around an obstacle into regions where we would not expect them, is called diffraction. |
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